Wednesday 26 February 2014

120. Expanding on Modals - Useful Everyday Expressions

120.  Expanding on Modals  - Useful Everyday Expressions

Answers to the Modal Quiz from last time ...

1    Bitte, können Sie mir helfen?                   D   Can you help me please?
2    Magst du Schi laufen?                             K   Do you like going skiing?
3    Wollen Sie mitkommen?                         C  Do you want to come with us?
4    Ich will nach Hause gehen.                      G   I want to go home.
5    Du sollst nicht stehlen!                            A   Thou shalt not steal 
6    Du darfst das nicht machen!                   E  You must not do that!
7    Heinz mag Weißwurst essen.                   F  Heinz likes to eat white sausage.
8    Heinz, ich darf ins Kino gehen.               H   Heinz, I can come to the movies.
   Sie müssen keinen Alkohol mitbringenJ You don't have to bring any alcohol.
10  Sie dürfen keinen Alkohol mitbringen.   I  You must not bring any alcohol.
11  Anja, Fritz, könnt ihr gut schwimmen?   L  Anja, Fritz, can you swim well?
12  Wir sollen fleißig lernen.                          B  We are supposed to study hard.

***  Note here that with müssen in the NEGATIVE,  this equals  NOT HAVE TO and not 'MUST'. If you ALWAYS translate müssen as 'have to' you will always get it right. An example of this happened to me in a Munich dept. store after 'buying' a whole pile of items and the saleslady refused to accept a traveller's cheque I offered for payment. In the bank later I asked the teller the questionMuss man einen Reisescheck einlösen?  The teller's answer was: Nein, das muss man nicht, meaning 'No, one does (they do) not have to' AND NOT,  'No, one musn't .

Getting even a little bit more complicated ....

We have already seen ich möchte meaning  I would like. This phrase is a modal verb construction using a subjunctive form of the verb or the would form of the verb. Other modals use similar forms found in everyday speech & as such are very useful.

ich könnte   =   I would be able  =  I could
ich müsste  =    I would have to
ich sollte     =    I should
ich dürfte    =   I would be allowed to  =  I might be able,  could

These expressions also use the same construction with the infinitive of the verb as we have seen before and the infinitive will be found at the end of the clause. German word order is an issue we need to tackle at some stage in the near future but for the moment let's see how some more examples of these new expressions work.

Ja, ich glaube (think / believe), ich könnte schneller laufen.
Könntest du die Fotos mitbringen?
Alois und Brigitte könnten heute ankommen (arrive).

Karla müsste fleißiger (harder) arbeiten (work).
Müssten Sie mit der Straßenbahn (tram) in die Stadt (city) fahren?

Klaus, du solltest jetzt (now) mit deiner (your) Mutter telefonieren.
Sollten wir sofort (immediately) nach Hause gehen?

Ich dürfte ins Kino gehenaber ich bin nicht sicher (sure).
Wir dürften all unsere (our) CDs zur Party mitbringen.

Ferry Stop on Rhine






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